ABCD System® as a fundamental for machine learning
Orthodontic treatment planning Involves a careful examination of the patient’s teeth, jaws, and facial structure using X-rays, photos, and dental impressions. Based on this information, the orthodontist creates a personalized plan to correct any issues, such as crooked teeth, gaps, or misaligned jaws. The goal of treatment planning is to ensure the patient achieves a healthy, beautiful smile with the most effective and efficient approach possible.
Role of Machine learning in orthodontics
The role of AI in orthodontics is well-established. Although artificial intelligence (AI) is a broad term with many subcategories, there are two primary types of AI: symbolic AI and machine learning from an algorithmic standpoint. Machine learning (ML), was introduced by Arthur Samuel in 1952. The primary distinction between ML and symbolic AI is that, in ML, models learn from examples rather than a set of rules specified by a person.
Machine learning plays a growing role in orthodontics by improving the accuracy, efficiency, and personalization of patient care. Machine learning algorithms can analyze dental images, such as X-rays and 3D scans, to identify issues like crooked teeth, jaw misalignment, or other abnormalities. This makes the diagnostic process faster and more accurate.
Types of ML:
Machine learning (ML) can be divided into three types based on how the algorithm learns and the desired outcome:
Supervised learning: The algorithm learns from labeled data, where the outcome is known. It is used for tasks like classification and prediction. Supervised learning can further be divided into two categories classification and regression. The classification deals with the categorical variables while regression is associated with the continuous variables.
Unsupervised learning: The algorithm looks for hidden patterns or structures in data where the outcome is unknown. Unsupervised learning’s primary goal is often to uncover hidden patterns, resemblances, or clusters in data, which can subsequently be used for various reasons such as investigating data, visualization, dimensionality reduction, etc.
Reinforcement learning: The machine learns by trial and error, improving its algorithm over time to achieve the best possible result.
ABCD-System® in orthodontics:
The ABCD System® was developed by Dr. Baxmann based on the fact that a single orthodontic condition has more than one treatment option. Each treatment option has its perks so an orthodontist should consider the multiple treatment options while making decisions and in treatment planning. If we elaborate the system by an orthodontic example the ABCD system® work a cabinet drawer and each drawer is like a different orthodontic condition with the four different A, B, C, and D plans. Through Dr. Baxmann’s ABCD-System®, you train your brain to find the fastest and most efficient way to achieve your goals in orthodontics. This system helps you create mental shortcuts by consistently following a structured approach. It will help to quickly assess, diagnose, and plan treatment for patients. Over time, your brain adapts to this method, allowing you to process information faster and make decisions more effectively, always aiming for the most direct path to the desired outcome.
The ABCD system® also utilized artificial intelligence for the treatment decision. It will help to achieve better treatment outcomes efficiently. When we have to make more decisions and perform more calculations, it takes more time and energy. To manage this, Dr. Baxmann’s ABCD-System® uses a method to simplify and compress information. This reduces the amount of data we need to process, organizes it, and saves energy, allowing us to reach our goals more quickly and easily.
How the ABCD system® is different from conventional orthodontics?
ABCD system® provides an option to orthodontists that a single condition might have more than one solution. There is no need for a definitive treatment plan rather there can be multiple treatment plans for a single orthodontic condition. A plan can work for a patient but it doesn’t need to be suitable for all other patients. Dr. Baxmann’s ABCD-System® simplifies case planning in orthodontics once you understand and internalize it. To make it easier to grasp, especially since everyone learns in different ways. LeanOrthodontics® starts with a familiar analogy from everyday life. This approach helps introduce the concept of ABCD® thinking in a more relatable and accessible manner.
The LeanOrthodontics® has a great explanation of all orthodontic classes with simplified ABCD® treatment plans. As an orthodontist, you can apply these approaches in your clinical practice for efficient and excellent treatment outcomes.
References:
- Baxmann, M., & Gronau , K. (2024). Dr. Baxmann´s LEAN ORTHODONTICS® – The Ultimate Practice Book Series for excellent Orthodontics: Case Planning Volume 3. https://www.amazon.sg/Dr-Baxmann%C2%B4s-LEAN-ORTHODONTICS%C2%AE-Orthodontics/dp/3948361673
- Bichu, Y.M., Hansa, I., Bichu, A.Y. et al. Applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in orthodontics: a scoping review. Prog Orthod. 22, 18 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-021-00361-9